The Myth of Er (; , gen.: ????) is a legend that concludes Plato's Republic (10.614-10.621). The story includes an account of the cosmos and the afterlife that greatly influenced religious, philosophical, and scientific thought for many centuries.

The story begins with a man named Er, son of Armenios (??u?????), from Pamphylia, who dies in battle. When the bodies of those who died in the battle are collected,