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between the digits of the forelimbs, between the forelimbs and hindlimbs, and between the hindlimbs. Bats also had to evolve a thinner cortical bone to reduce torsional stresses produced by propulsive downstroke movements. Bats had to reroute innervation to their wing muscles to allow for control of powered flight. The strength and mass of forelimb musculature also had to be increased to allow powerful upstrokes and downstrokes. To provide sufficient oxygen supply to its body,

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