diagnoses and homelessness. Overall contingency management is an effective and cost-efficient addition to drug treatment.

In contrast to these findings in a recent study, the researchers found out that nicotine replacement treatment only improved the effects of contingent vouchers on short-term smoking abstinence. However, in the long term, the effects of contingent vouchers had no impact on tobacco resistance.

Level systems

Level systems are often employed as a form of contingency management system. Level systems are

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