retained unshifted only after a fricative (e.g. Stein, English stone) or in the combination (e.g. treu, English true).

Another change, the shift of /þ/ to , is sometimes seen as related to the High German consonant shift. However, it also comes to encompass the other continental West Germanic languages. The relation of this change to the second consonant shift, as well as that of another change, that of initial to , is disputed. Braune and Reiffenstein discount a connection entirely.

Detailed description

Shifts from voiceless stops

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