. They called themselves ("the Exchangers"), which they understood within the context of Islamic scripture and philosophy to mean "those who have traded the mortal life for the other life [with God] ".

Primary and classical sources

Almost no primary Kharijite sources survive, except for works by authors from the sole surviving Kharijite sect of Ibadiyya, and excerpts in non-Kharijite works. As the latter are the main sources of information and date to later periods, the Kharijite material

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