single grades for units of assessment were replaced by "quality profiles," which indicated the proportion of each department's research against each quality category.

Scale

2008

The 2008 RAE used a four-point quality scale, and returned a profile, rather than a single aggregate quality score, for each unit.The quality levels--based on assessment of research outputs, research environment and indicators of esteem--are defined as:

Each unit of assessment was given a quality profile - a five-column histogram - indicating

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