the royal courts of appeal in their areas and were occasionally seconded by vice-seneschals.

The equivalent post throughout most of northern France was the bailiff ([[bailli]]), who oversaw a bailiwick ([[bailliage]]).

* William de Gometz was Seneschal of France .
* Osbern the Steward was seneschal to two dukes of Normandy.

Under rulers of England
* Bertram de Criol,