chests, breasts and flanks are slightly paler than their above colouring. The area under the wing-coverts is black and the females' tail feathers are narrow and pointed. Finally, their bills are horn-coloured.

Non-breeding males are slightly larger than females, though they demonstrate a remarkably similar appearance. For the most part, these males are coloured in the same manner as the females, except in that they are more broadly streaked above and below and have wings and wing shoulders with the morphology of the breeding class of