the problem (like engaging in problem-solving or changing unhealthy behaviors). It is thought that affirming an important value unrelated to the threat helps individuals to shift their perspective to their broader life context. Having a broad viewpoint diminishes the perceived threat, allowing individuals to act less defensively and more effectively.

Paradigms used to study self-affirmation theory

In laboratory experiments, psychologists induce self-affirmation in participants in order to investigate the influence of self-affirmation

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