reduced by 60 GtC/yr of plant respiration. An equivalent 60 GtC/yr is respired from soil, joining the 60 GtC/yr plant respiration to return to the atmosphere.

Forms of Carbon in Soil

Inorganic Carbon

In arid and semi-arid environments, a majority of soil carbon occurs in the form of inorganic carbonates, such as the minerals calcite and dolomite. Carbonates can originate from the bedrock or parent material from which the soil forms, or can form in situ

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