available to them.

A mixed strategy is a probability distribution over the set of pure strategies. Rather than committing to a single course of action, the player randomizes among pure strategies according to specified probabilities. Mixed strategies are particularly useful in games where no pure strategy constitutes a best response, allowing players to avoid being predictable. Since the outcomes depend on probabilities, the resulting payoffs are referred to as expected payoffs.

A pure strategy can be viewed as a

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