along the gauge length, depending on the standard used. Both ends of thespecimens should have sufficient length and a surface condition such that they are firmly grippedduring testing. The initial gauge length Lo is standardized (in several countries) and varies with thediameter (Do) or the cross-sectional area (Ao) of the specimen as listed

Equipment

The most common testing machine used in tensile testing is the universal testing machine. This type of machine has two crossheads;

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