The Langmuir model derives an equilibrium constant based on the adsorption reaction of vapor adatom with vacancy on the substrate surface. The BET model expands further and allows adatoms deposition on previously adsorbed adatoms without interaction between adjacent piles of atoms. The resulting derived surface coverage is in terms of the equilibrium vapor pressure and applied pressure.

Langmuir model where is the vapor pressure of adsorbed adatoms:

BET model where is the equilibrium

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