called diplochory, where a seed is moved by more than one dispersal agent. This greatly affects seed dispersal outcomes as carnivores range widely and make dispersed populations have more connected genes.

Birds act as dispersal vectors for its other types as well. Hummingbirds spread pollen on their beaks, and fungal spores may stick to the bottom of birds' feet. Water birds may also help to disperse aquatic invertebrates, specifically branchiopods, ostracods,