at which a test specimen fractures during a uniaxial tensile test. Percent elongation, or engineering strain at fracture, can be written as:

Percent reduction in area can be written as:

where the area of concern is the cross-sectional area of the gauge of the specimen.

According to Shigley's Mechanical Engineering Design, 'significant' denotes about 5.0 percent elongation.

Effect of sample dimensions

An important point concerning