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was licensed in 2002 to run on the classic 3 kV DC lines with speeds up to and, from December 2004, also on the new 25 kV AC high-speed lines, but initially limited to instead of . Problems with flying gravel and its frictionless linear eddy current brake came up during testing. In order to limit the creation of tornado-like vortices that pick up gravel and to limit damage from flying gravel to the train, spoilers have been added under the car joints, under the carbody

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