raised 21% of its war revenue through income taxes.

Post Civil War, Reconstruction, and popular tax reform (1866-1913)

After the Civil War, Reconstruction, railroads, and transforming the North and South war machines towards peacetime required public funding. However, in 1872, seven years after the war, lawmakers allowed the temporary Civil War income tax to expire.

Income taxes evolved, but in 1894 the Supreme Court declared

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