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events. The subfamily is a comparatively recent split from the Halcyoninae, diversifying in the Old World as recently as the Miocene or Pliocene.

The following cladogram is based on a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2017.

Description

The smallest species of kingfisher is the African dwarf kingfisher (Ispidina lecontei), which averages 10 cm in length and between 9 and 12 g in weight. The largest kingfisher in

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