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jatis originated during the Gupta Empire. An earlier 2013 study from Tamil Nadu has suggested older (4-6 Kya) origins of endogamy based upon male lineages.

Jatis have existed in India among Hindus, Muslims, Christians, and tribal people, and there is no clear linear order among them.

Caste

The term caste is derived from the Portuguese and Spanish word casta, meaning "race, lineage, breed" and, originally, "'pure or unmixed (stock or breed)". Originally not an Indian word, it is now

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