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Chronicle, the Scots soon tired of their deeply compromised king and the direction of affairs was taken out of his hands by the leading men of the kingdom, who appointed a council of twelve -- in practice, a new panel of guardians -- at Stirling in July 1295. This has been challenged by recent historians; Amanda Beam argues that Balliol was not deposed, and that this council was formed to assist in the defence of the realm against England. Balliol continued to issue charters in his name for the remainder of his

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