contemporaries of the New Kingdom (1550-1069 BC), the Twenty-fifth Dynasty (1000-653 BC), Napata (1000-275 BC), Meroë (275 BC-300/350 AD), Makuria (340-1317 AD), Nobatia (350-650 AD), Alodia (600s-1504 AD), and Dotawo (1180s-1500 AD).

In the