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of the instruction in memory.
# The CU sends a signal to the control bus to read the memory at the address in MAR - the data read is placed in the data bus.
# The data is transferred to the CPU via the data bus, where it's loaded into the MDR - at this stage, the PC increments by one.
# The contents (instruction to-be-executed) of the MDR are copied into the CIR (where the instruction opcode and data operand can be decoded).

Decode stage

The

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