output; rich corticocortical connections link PMd/PMv with posterior parietal cortex and SMA with prefrontal cortex. Efferents descend via the corticospinal and corticonuclear tracts and via brainstem motor pathways.

Histology

M1, premotor cortex and SMA are agranular isocortex. Layer IV is attenuated or indistinct, while layer V contains large pyramidal neurons including Betz cells in M1. Neuron classes include corticospinal and corticobulbar

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