telescope, does not explicitly mention Copernican heliocentrism, a theory that placed the Sun at the center of the universe. Nevertheless, Galileo accepted the Copernican theory.

Simon Marius claimed another observation, and he later reported observing the moons in November 1609, with a first written record for 29 December 1609. However, because he did not publish these findings until after Galileo, there is a degree of