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<p>Latency in <a href="page.php?w=optical_fiber">optical fiber</a> is largely a function of the <a href="page.php?w=speed_of_light">speed of light</a>.  This would equate to a latency of 3.33&nbsp;<a href="page.php?w=us">us</a> for every kilometer of path length.  The <a href="page.php?w=index_of_refraction">index of refraction</a> of most fiber optic cables is about 1.5, meaning that light travels about 1.5 times as fast in a vacuum as it does in the cable.  This works out to about 5.0&nbsp;us of latency for every kilometer.  In shorter metro networks,</p><p>
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