at room temperature by rapid quenching of manganese at 850 C in ice water. It does not show magnetic ordering, remaining paramagnetic down to the lowest temperature measured (1.1 K).

Gamma manganese (?-Mn) forms when heated above 1370 K. It has a simple face-centered cubic structure (four atoms per unit cell). When quenched to room temperature it converts to ?-Mn, but it can be stabilized at room temperature by alloying it with at least 5 percent of other elements (such as C, Fe, Ni, Cu,