and served on 27 other National Academies committees.

Garwin was a long-time critic of the idea that nuclear missile defense is possible and that a nuclear war was winnable. "During and since the cold war, Garwin apparently mastered the details of every proposed scheme: detecting, tracking and intercepting missiles, and protecting US missiles and cities. He criticized them all, from the 1960s anti-ballistic missile debates, through the 1980s Strategic Defense Initiative, to the most recent proposals. He said repeatedly that missile defence