Researchers commonly base demographic studies on infertility prevalence over five years.

Primary vs. secondary infertility

Primary infertility is defined as the absence of a live birth for women who desire a child and have been in a union for at least 12 months, during which they have not used any contraceptives. The World Health Organization also adds that 'women whose pregnancy spontaneously miscarries, or whose pregnancy results in a stillborn child, without ever having had a live birth, would present with primarily infertility'.

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