One reason for condemning gluttony is that gorging by prosperous people may leave needy people hungry.

Medieval theologians such as Thomas Aquinas took a more expansive view of gluttony, arguing that it could also include an obsessive anticipation of meals, as well as overindulgence in delicacies and costly foods. Aquinas listed five forms of gluttony:

* Laute - eating too expensively
* Studiose - eating too daintily
* Nimis - eating too much
* Praepropere

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