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for the long vowels [a: i: u:] respectively. However, unlike it, the consonant signs would also sometimes serve to express the short vowels, which could also sometimes be left unexpressed and always are in the parent systems. To distinguish long vowels from short ones, an additional aleph can be written before the sign that denotes the long vowel.

Sogdian also used the Manichaean alphabet, which consists of 29 letters.

In transcribing Sogdian script into Roman letters, Aramaic ideograms

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