when, why, where, opposition, and conditions, and, as with all dependent clauses, they cannot stand alone. For example, When he was in New York is not a complete sentence; it needs to be completed by an independent clause, as in:

*He went to the Guggenheim Museum when he was in New York.

or equivalently

*When he was in New York, he went to the Guggenheim Museum.

Non-finite dependent clauses

Dependent clauses may be headed by an infinitive,

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