The purified DNA is then amplified for a specific gene target so it can be sequenced and categorised based on its sequence. From this information, detection and classification of species is possible.

eDNA can come from skin, mucous, saliva, sperm, secretions, eggs, feces, urine, blood, roots, leaves, fruit, pollen, and rotting bodies of larger organisms, while microorganisms may be obtained in their entirety. eDNA production is dependent on biomass, age