to by contemporary sources, and included (separately) in various prohibitions and declarations over the medieval period, little is known about the nature of the tupinaire. It is clearly a hastilude, or wargame, of some kind, and distinct from the other types, but there seems to be no clear description of its rules.

While the different types of hastilude used to serve as displays of skills and social prestige for the upper class, its legacy did not disappear when the medieval ages ended, instead finding new life in the modern day. This