experts argue that the valley is, in fact, a Chinese military bottleneck or a point of vulnerability due to its geography: The 2017 Doklam standoff, which occurred at the tri-junction point south of the Chumbi Valley, was widely seen as a Chinese attempt to gain command of the Zompelri ridge, which would have provided them with a commanding view of the Chumbi Valley itself, thereby mitigating this inherent vulnerability.

* Terrain domination by India: The valley is narrow, with limited deployment space (approximately 25-30 km wide at