to an all-out effort to defeat the Persians.

Nevertheless, neither empire was given any chance to recover, as within a few years they were overrun by the advances of the Arabs (newly united by Islam), which, according to James Howard-Johnston, "can only be likened to a human tsunami". According to George Liska, the "unnecessarily prolonged Byzantine-Persian conflict opened the way for Islam".

Conquest of the Arabian Peninsula

According to Islamic tradition, Muhammad, a merchant from Mecca,

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