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<p>outputs will be "driven" low, effectively making them mechanical equivalents of open collector drivers and therefore subject to the same <a href="page.php?w=signal_conditioning">signal conditioning</a> requirements (i.e. external pull-up resistor).</p>

<p>The maximum output frequency is limited by the same factors that affect open-collector outputs, and further limited by <a href="page.php?w=contact_bounce">contact bounce</a> (which must be filtered) and by the operating speed of the mechanical contacts, thus making these devices impractical</p><p>
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