two responses in taste receptor cells: a decrease in cAMPs triggered by ?-gustducin, and a rise in IP₃(Inositol trisphosphate) and diacylglycerol (DAG) from ??-gustducin.

Although the following steps of the ?-gustducin pathway are unconfirmed, it is suspected that decreased cAMPs may act on protein kinases which would regulate taste receptor cell ion channel activity. It is also possible that cNMP levels