whereas cults arise spontaneously around novel beliefs and practices.

Scholars William Sims Bainbridge and Rodney Stark have argued for a further distinction between three kinds of cults: cult movements, client cults, and audience cults, all of which share a "compensator" or rewards for the things invested into the group. In the BainbridgeStark typology, a "cult movement" is an actual complete organization, differing from a "sect" in that it is not