with Loricifera. Advancements in molecular phylogeny have also clarified the internal branchings of Nematoda.

Systematics

Due to the lack of knowledge regarding many nematodes, their systematics is contentious. An early and influential classification was proposed by Chitwood and Chitwood--later revised by Chitwood--who divided the phylum into two classes--Aphasmidia and Phasmidia. These were later renamed Adenophorea

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