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<p>is the heat transfer coefficient, and  is a fracture resistance parameter. The fracture resistance parameter is a common metric used to define the thermal shock tolerance of materials.</p>

<p>The formulas were derived for ceramic materials, and make the assumptions of a homogeneous body with material properties independent of temperature, but can be well applied to other brittle materials.</p>

<p><big>Testing</big></p>
<p>Thermal shock testing exposes products to alternating low and high temperatures to accelerate failures caused by temperature cycles</p><p>
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