are another factor which increases permafrost thaw depths.

The IPCC Sixth Assessment Report estimates that carbon dioxide and methane released from permafrost could amount to the equivalent of 14-175 e9t carbon dioxide per 1 C-change of warming. For comparison, by 2019, annual anthropogenic emission of carbon dioxide alone stood around 40 e9t. A 2018 perspectives article discussing tipping points in the climate system