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Although the principle of equipoise ("genuine uncertainty within the expert medical community... about the preferred treatment") is common to clinical trials and has been applied to RCTs, equipoise may be difficult to ascertain, and the ethics of RCTs have special considerations. It has been argued that equipoise itself is insufficient to justify RCTs. "Collective equipoise" may also conflict with a lack of personal equipoise (i.e., a personal belief that an intervention is effective), including that of the patient.

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