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<p>is the smallest pseudoprime base 2 (see Figure 1 of).</p>

<p>There are only 21853 pseudoprimes base 2 that are less than 2.5 (see page 1005 of ). This means that, for n up to 2.5, if 2<sup>n</sup><sup>-1</sup> (modulo n) equals 1, then n is prime, unless n is one of these 21853 pseudoprimes.</p>

<p>Some composite numbers (<a href="page.php?w=Carmichael_number">Carmichael number</a>s) have the property that a<sup>n</sup><sup> - 1</sup> is 1 (modulo n) for every a that is coprime to n. The smallest example is n = 561 = 3·11·17, for which a<sup>560</sup></p><p>
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