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radar wave has to travel farther to reach the car, before being reflected and re-detected near the source. As each wave has to move farther, the gaps between the wave crests increase, increasing the wavelength of the radiation returning to the radar. In the opposite case, when the radar beam is fired at the moving car as it approaches, each successive wave travels a lesser distance, decreasing the wavelength. In either situation, calculations from the Doppler effect accurately determine the car's speed. For instance, a police radar operating

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