signs of its economic importance during the Qing dynasty. This commercial strength remained evident into the late Qing period: following the Boxer Uprising, Empress Dowager Cixi resided in Shanxi during her westward flight, during which substantial financial contributions were presented by local officials and merchants.

Early Republic of China (1912-1937)

With the collapse of the Qing dynasty, Shanxi became part of the newly established Republic of China,

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