(RDBMS). They are sometimes referred to as "Codd's Twelve Commandments".

History

Codd originally set out the rules in 1970, and developed them further in a 1974 conference paper. His aim was to prevent the vision of the original relational database from being diluted, as database vendors scrambled in the early 1980s to repackage existing products with a relational veneer. Rule 12 was particularly designed to counter such a positioning.

While in 1999, a textbook stated "Nowadays, most RDBMSs ... pass the test", another

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