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the two are closely related to the three species of wigeons, and all of them have been assigned to the genus Mareca. There are two subspecies:
* Mareca strepera strepera (formerly Anas strepera strepera), the common gadwall, described by Linnaeus, is the nominate subspecies.
* M. s. couesi (formerly A. s. couesi), Coues's gadwall, extinct 1874, was formerly found only on Teraina,

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