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oligomer of between six and eight identical subunits, while the 60 kDa chaperonin (cpn60, or groEL in bacteria) forms a structure comprising 2 stacked rings, each ring containing 7 identical subunits. These ring structures assemble by self-stimulation in the presence of Mg²⁺-ATP. The central cavity of the cylindrical cpn60 tetradecamer provides an isolated environment for protein folding

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