is known from Miocene deposits in Europe (e.g., the Hegau region in southern Germany) and the Middle East, while the species H. koenigswaldi and H. catalaunicum have been found in Miocene deposits in Spain. The Asian hipparionin "Hipparion" weihoense from early Late Miocene deposits in northern China has also been referred to the genus.

Diet

H. primigenium was a generalist feeder which frequently browsed but could also exploit grasses.

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