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<p>it became independent in the 19th century. From the early 19th century, Maradi was home to one of several Hausa traditional rump states, formed by rulers and nobility who fled the rise of the <a href="page.php?w=Sokoto_Caliphate">Sokoto Caliphate</a>. Elements of the Katsina ruling class continued to claim the area as the seat of a Katsina state in exile ruled by the Sarkin Katsina Maradi. Maradi was constrained by the more powerful <a href="page.php?w=Gobir">Gobir</a> exilic state to the west, the <a href="page.php?w=Sultanate_of_Damagaram">Sultanate of Damagaram</a></p><p>
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